IoT Environmental Monitoring: Transforming Data into Decisions with Atmesys & KaaIoT
Do you want to know how? Join us for an exciting webinar on IoT-based environmental monitoring that revolutionizes the way we collect and analyze environmental data.
Our speakers:
Anna Padun, Business Development Manager at KaaIoT
Piotr Grzymski, CEO at Atmesys
Webinar transcript
Anna: Let's take a closer look at some fantastic environmental monitoring solutions built by Atmesys on top of the awesome Kaa IoT platform.
Piotr:, thank you so much for joining us today. We are happy to have you here.
Piotr: Welcome, thank you for having me, and welcome, everyone. I hope it will be an interesting endeavor on this webinar with all of you.
Anna: So, let's start by taking a closer look at Atmesys, a bit more of a background. Can you elaborate more on what Atmesys does and a bit more about the company's history?
Piotr: Nowadays, data is called the new oil, a resource that is incredibly powerful and precious. It can actually have the potential to fuel industries and societies. Just as oil fueled the Industrial Revolution, we believe that environmental data drives development and innovation in many sectors like agriculture or smart farming, renewable energy sources, smart cities, transportation, and countless other industries. Our goal was to create a solution that would help harness that potential and monetize it in the form of time-saving, increased efficiency, and mitigation of losses. I would describe Atmesys as a technology company that leverages advanced environmental monitoring to drive sustainability and innovation. To close, Atmesys is a holistic approach to the need to easily acquire data in real-time, aggregate it into proper datasets, and filter relevant information to prepare easy-to-read conclusions through online tools and KaaIoT cloud services.
Anna: Okay, thanks. But what led you to choose environmental monitoring as the main focus for your company? I mean, how did it all get started? At which point?
Piotr: Great question. The concept of the startup was conceived during our studies. We received funding for our PhD studies, and the primary focus was to develop a new design for a wind turbine, specifically an urban wind turbine. We needed to map wind characteristics at the location where we planned to install the prototype. Existing solutions at that time were either expensive, challenging to deploy, or had limited capabilities. At that moment, we decided to start our journey toward creating our own modular plug-and-play IoT system. And actually, after a short detour into a corporate venture digitizing production in transformer factories, we gained valuable insights into what is actually needed from an industrial perspective. Later, thanks to pre-seed EU funding through the Bridge Alpha program, we are here today, having undergone numerous pivots but now ready to deliver our advanced IoT solution. Maybe it's worth mentioning that during the development phase, we planned to create our own dashboards and front-end for the client, but since you've done such a great job with KaaIoT, we've decided not to force open doors, and here we are.
Anna: Yeah, I know we kind of closed this problem for you at that point. So thanks for the introduction. Just to emphasize to our audience, you can ask any questions here in the chat, and we will go through them at the end of the session during the Q&A.
Piotr:, we are here today to highlight your solutions and what you guys actually built for environmental monitoring. When it comes to environmental monitoring, I'm aware there are some specific areas in Poland that require enhanced control and supervision, right? Can you tell us more about the situation and what Atmesys does exactly in this regard to make a positive impact?
Piotr: Sure, great question. I would like to explain it, maybe with the help of our application portfolio. With our solutions, we try to address a vast number of clients in different sectors of the market. There are two prominent environmental concerns in Poland regarding air quality and river water quality. Despite the regulations and legislation concerning heating in Poland, our cities often face severe smoke during the winter. To address this problem, we've created a fully autonomous IoT solution that can be deployed close to affected areas, like near a kindergarten in Wroclaw. We've created a user-friendly dashboard that is an air quality monitoring solution. On this specific dashboard, you can see a chart representing particulate matter during the winter period. As you can see, it's extremely bad. Fortunately, it's in the afternoon and at night. This was the previous winter. This dashboard was made available to parents and the school management to decide if outdoor activities were suitable based on air quality. Fortunately, during the day, you could see that the air quality was quite good, so it was not dangerous for the children to take part.
Anna: Okay, but tell me this, just for my understanding. After the system notifies you about a certain level of contamination, what happens next? Is there an automatic alert sent to the government institution, and someone takes measures after this? How quickly should this all happen? I'm not an ecological expert, so can you please explain what occurs after identifying the issue?
Piotr: Actually, great question again. Of course, we are utilizing the full capabilities of the KaaIoT cloud. We can connect and create alerts for different parameters that, if they exceed their predefined numbers and predefined regions, are generated and sent to the respective people. I should also mention the significant issue with water quality measurement systems. Recently, we faced a river water quality issue and a mass mortality event on another river, where over 100 tons of fish were recovered from the Polish segment and an additional 35 tons from the German section. Initial theories were that this was impacted by the heat and reduced water levels due to the European drought that we had and the small degression here. This also requires environmental monitoring to control this drought in the future. But coming back to the topic, it was discovered later that it was an algal bloom. Our national organization, which is called Polish Waters (a fancy name for an official organization), has created a warning system for potential threats that can be monitored and will be monitored online on the other river for the entities operating along the river. So there are different smaller entities that are responsible for the safety and ecosystem in their region. The solution placed here would match perfectly with the alerting system and continuous measurement of the environmental conditions that create conditions for the development of algae. It could alert different entities or the closest entity responsible for identifying if there was a spill, if there should be protective actions, or additional surveillance of potential threats. So that they can take proactive measures to protect the system and water from being contaminated again. So, to be part of that system and utilize its full capabilities to send the necessary information to responsible people is our goal.
Anna: This is very important. I think that you cannot only monitor parameters but also take action on top of it. That's the main goal of environmental monitoring. Yeah, so, as we can see, there are many ecological problems that may be addressed with the help of IoT. I see that Atmesys has already implemented many solutions. Another example that came to mind is the hydroelectric dam in Nova Kakhovka in Ukraine, which got destroyed, leading to a massive flood affecting about 177,000 people and potentially even more. We're talking about upwards of 42,000 people in the region. Irrigation systems were wrecked. The Zaporizhzhya nuclear reactors' safety and cooling systems have been severely compromised. Water contamination. Challenges in accessing essential services, particularly clean drinking water and food. The list goes on. We already discussed water contamination, and I know what you guys are doing in this regard. Considering the damage to agriculture and biodiversity, do you think there's anything that IoT and Atmesys could do – maybe not to prevent, but at least to help mitigate the painful impact of this topic?
Piotr: Yeah, I fully agree. First of all, this terrorist aggression by Russia affects innocent people and the entire ecosystem of our Ukrainian neighbors. We stand in solidarity and support Ukraine in the face of this unjust war. What we believe is that the Atmesys solution could play an essential role in implementing regenerative agriculture practices, especially in regions severely impacted by war. This can significantly improve the speed of recovery through the integration of weather data with soil metrics and other parameters. Farmers can acquire holistic insights into overall farm performance. So they could act accordingly and more efficiently. Fast deployment of our solution is possible because we have autonomy, so we can quickly place the system where it's needed. Due to its modularity, we can tailor it to the needs of specific people in specific regions. So then they can make data-driven decisions. They can optimize resource utilization. They can identify areas for enhancement, and maybe they can effectively implement regenerative practices because this is also a complex topic. Regarding other applications of our solutions, it could also be water quality measurements and water level alerting systems. Whenever there is another failure of the dam or another spill of water, this could alert them quite widely and accordingly.
Anna: Thank you so much for your answer. What do you think are the key technologies involved when we are talking about IoT-based monitoring? Which specific environmental parameters should we keep an eye on?
Piotr: Our approach at Atmesys embraces autonomy and customization. This is the core of our business, and our solution can be tailored to the needs of our clients. It can be described in two words: freedom and simplicity. Freedom to choose any configuration that you want, in a very simple way. But, of course, it's not so easy to achieve this. During development, we concentrated on four main aspects: autonomy, renewable energy sources, and management of those supported by robust AGM batteries. That’s why they can work in a very challenging environment. Of course, there are new microcontrollers with ultra-low energy consumption. That was the first rule of autonomy. The second one would be communications, and we rely on 5G communications because of the new capabilities. Our solution embraces long-range and low-energy communication. Long-range and low-energy actually combine to 5G communications, which meets rigorous demands for IoT and Industry 4.0. The third one is modularity. We thought that tailoring to the needs of the customers requires flexibility to connect various sensors and external devices. We support basically any protocol and multiple interfaces to connect third-party solutions. We are not closed only to ours but also to others, and last but not least, plug and play. It has to be very simple so people without knowledge can launch the system and utilize its benefits.
Anna: Okay, that sounds great. Thanks. Actually, you said about 5G. We, as a company, have a lot of Telco backgrounds, and we work with Telcos a lot. When you said 5G, I got triggered by that. I have so many things to say about 5G. But maybe we should just dedicate a specific webinar to this particular topic because there are so many discussions going on on the internet on 5G, monetization, etc.
Piotr: It's a never-ending story. Still, the development must press that when you need it, you just use what is best on the market.
Anna: Exactly. Agree. Okay. So let's switch to the most practical side. Can you show us some of your solutions that you created for the topics that we just discussed, water contamination, and everything else?
Piotr: Let’s again switch to the spectrum of our applications. Historically, Atmesys was focused on delivering solutions designed to efficiently capture data from renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar. Our primary objective was to create cost-effective solutions that adhere to IEC standards and maintain high-quality data measurements. Now I'll show one of the examples. This is what we offer for both dedicated PV farms and wind turbine installations. However, our solution has already found favor with several major energy companies, such as PGE, Enea, and Tauron. We have implemented dedicated photovoltaic farm systems due to their ease of integration with existing SCADA systems and the benefits they offer. To achieve this, we concentrated on one-second precise measurements with high-end sensors like ultrasonic anemometers, multispectral photodiodes, and pyranometers for solar radiation, critical parameters for this business. We connect locally with existing SCADA systems, and remote monitoring and maintenance are available through Kaa IoT Cloud service after login. You can see we are utilizing this dashboard. It's an example of a few publicly available stations. We can quickly see which stations are operating correctly and which have some issues with parameters, indicating they may need service.
Anna: This is a very hot topic today – renewable energy. I think soon it will deliver most of the world's electricity, right? I mean, just recently, we came from a business trip from Denmark, and it's fascinating. In 2022, 75% of Denmark's electricity generation was produced collectively through renewable energy sources, and by 2030, I think they want to switch to 100% renewable energy. This is wild. I'm really curious to see what comes next and how other countries will respond to this. Also, I really love your dashboards. Okay, I know I say this all the time when I look at the Kaa visuals, but I mean, I really love it.
Piotr: Yeah, it's mostly your job, right? You've done it. We are utilizing just what you created.
Anna: Yeah, of course, but, still, you have to utilize it in the correct way. Okay, let's talk more about what kind of data and insights we can get from the Atmesys system when we're talking about renewable energy monitoring.
Piotr: Here you can see an exemplary dashboard that represents one station. I hope you can see it. We developed this client dashboard to offer a user-friendly, quick glance checkup of what is happening at the sites. At the top, we have the station's ID and location metadata. While our systems can connect locally to SCADA systems, this dashboard is utilized for real-time notifications and can be used as a promotional tool. It’s an easily accessible remote monitoring solution, but it also provides public information, just to utilize it for clients located near the farm or other people. The dashboard gives a quick overview of the site conditions. We have the last values monitored on the site, and below, you can deep dive into the data with charts. You can analyze what is happening on different sensors, what the output was, and quickly filter what is relevant for you to understand the issue or what is causing the danger. There are crucial parameters for PV farms, like the temperature of the panels. We know that sometimes panels catch fire. The rise in temperature can trigger alerts for the farm manager. At the bottom, we also include diagnostic data and the possibility to change the station's interval, as the communication is bi-directional. Then we can set it up, and of course, we are sometimes adding additional parameters so that our station can control external devices, so it's fully bi-directional communication.
Anna: Wow, very cool and fascinating. Another hot topic is smart cities. Smart cities are on the rise. Even though we already discussed some of the smart cities' topics in our previous webinars when we were talking about smart city automation with Ditmar from Radio Frequency Systems. But how does Atmesys contribute to smart city solutions, especially with your meteorological stations? Do you think that IoT really is a game-changer for city weather monitoring? Or is it possible to achieve this without relying on IoT? I hope you will say: ‘No, only with IoT.’
Piotr: So, I would lie if we could do it without IoT, but actually, it would be extremely complex. Currently, we have executed the proof of concept with the deployment of the full network of smart city autonomous stations, which are strategically located near schools in the Gniezno Voivodeship and play a dual role. First of all, it's educational, but it also serves as public information. So, those stations also have the same concept that we can quickly glance at what the parameters are and how they affect their localization, both close and nearby. But, basically, this is also connected directly to the City Hall databases with API. So, that's actually a more integrated solution, quickly adaptable, and ready to implement without the need to actually touch the infrastructure. All those stations are fully autonomous. They do not have any power source, and they are connected totally wirelessly. So, that will be one example, and this, let's say, example of one of them, yeah. They serve as an essential tool for education about the fundamentals of environmental parameters, how they can be utilized in terms of environmental science, and, of course, optimization of resource utilization whenever the students would like to utilize them in agriculture or even industry or energy sources. They represent an exciting step forward in commitment to merging technology and educational aspects for the betterment of the whole society because if people will understand better the real-time data and what can be done with it, then we are actually developing new, better engineers.
Anna: It all starts with education, absolutely. Yeah, wow, this is very cool. And, you know, I understand that your range of offerings extends beyond the solutions. Do you also provide agricultural stations?
Piotr: Yes, of course. It's a natural next step forward. We've already been noticed by our national company, which is basically developing the seeds for agriculture. But, as you probably noticed, the application and the dashboards, we actually have agriculture as a separate industrial sector. We concentrate on regenerative agriculture because this is a comprehensive strategy to improve soil health, increase biodiversity, and enhance ecosystem resilience while, of course, concentrating on and promoting sustainable food production. Weather measurements are absolutely essential for this type of agriculture. That means regenerative agriculture. First of all, weather measurements influence various aspects of farming, including planting schedules, irrigation management, and pest control. Those parameters regarding water are crucial. Another thing is soil moisture management, so you could keep those parameters and define your actions accordingly. So, pest and disease management is based on all those parameters taken together in order to develop a model that describes how those parameters can increase the risk of those occurrences. Another point is climate adaptation and resilience. The climate is changing, and we deliver data that is gathered at the station. Actually, farmers understand weather patterns, and they can adapt accordingly. It means they include adjusting crop selection, optimizing planting times, adopting techniques to enhance resilience, and, of course, facing unpredictable weather, which the measuring point helps to forecast much more precisely. And to close this long story, we just collaborate with several companies specializing in agronomic analysis and consulting. So, our system can serve as real-time data on-the-fly consulting. And also, we believe that this integrated approach helps farmers make the most data-driven decisions because this is crucial to optimizing their farming practices in terms of promoting smart agriculture.
Anna: Okay, so as far as I understood, these stations are primarily built for farmers, right?
Piotr: Yes.
Anna: But do you see another benefit for other industries with the same solution, besides farmers.
Piotr: Of course, because if you are digitalizing farm management, then it somehow affects other sectors of agriculture. So, the entire agriculture industry is affected if one process is digitalized. The other is easier to digitalize. So, in our belief, the digital transformation can revolutionize the agriculture landscape. For example, we can optimize fertilizer utilization, automate deliveries and orders, and integrate consultancy on-the-fly because the data is remotely available. Remote maintenance and predictive maintenance. We do not have to only measure environmental data. We can connect to external devices and control them and the parameters that are crucial for the conditions of the machines. And there you go; you have predictive maintenance. And any more, like data-driven decision-making, resource conservation, scaling sustainability practices, traceability, and quality assurance, because we can scan RFID tags. That's also what we've done in another application, and finally, the economical aspect, because automation and optimization lead to cost reduction, higher productivity, and better product quality. It's all together.
Anna: Okay, so if you're making an impact on other industries, does that mean that you can just take this solution and apply it to, I don't know, other use cases without a lot of modifications involved? Can you do that?
Piotr: Of course, as I said, our system can be tailored to the needs of our clients. And what we've recently done is create a modular system that measures the big bag fertilizers to somehow increase the monitoring quality during transportation. So this modular architecture, of course, helped and was the core of this solution. We switched and chose the modules that were crucial for this aspect. What we've created is basically a system that measures the pressure on the bottom of each bag and the temperature and humidity of the fertilizer inside. The aim of this measurement is to ensure that products are not excessively stacked and that the quality of the transported goods is according to the standards. The insight that derives from this data is actually a comprehensive overview of whether the products have been transported according to their standards. This knowledge is critical because before the product reaches the final client, it can significantly reduce the occurrence of complaints because of defective batches. If you store too many big bags, you actually condense the fertilizer, and it starts to crystallize. Then it's done. You cannot use it. Those are both for the good of the company, the producers of the fertilizers, but also good for the clients because they do not lose time for bad batches. One of the remarkable features that we utilized here is basically bidirectional communication, so utilizing this widget, we can calibrate and facilitate remote calibration ad hoc. The monitoring system is accurate and reliable throughout the whole operation. Furthermore, it provides real-time data, allowing for immediate reaction or intervention when necessary, both logistically and in a management way.
Anna: Wow, you know, I just realized that I've lost track of time. You know, all of this is so interesting, and your dashboards are so pretty, but we need to come to the conclusion of the webinar. Concluding everything that we just discussed, in your experience, what challenges come into play when implementing IoT-based environmental monitoring solutions? What kind of details make this process more complex?
Piotr: Implementing IoT-based environmental monitoring solutions comes with several challenges and complexities. I could name numerous of them, but I'll concentrate maybe on the high-priority ones. Data accuracy and calibration are the most crucial parts of any IoT system because you rely on the quality of the result as well as the quality of the data. But later, the second one is data security because even the simplest measurement of the temperature is sensitive data for some clients. So, data security is crucial. You have to work very hard to compromise communication. Interoperability, scalability, power management, and data transmission and connectivity. Then, of course, data analysis with proper tools, like KaaIoT. Also, regulatory compliance is important because there are some countries where you have to comply with the sensors. Costs and budgeting because it has to be cost-effective and long-term sustainable. Those systems are remotely situated, and they have to work. In summary, implementing IoT-based environmental monitoring solutions is a multifaceted endeavor that requires addressing multiple challenges related to the points I have just listed. And that is why successful implementation relies on careful planning, a focus on data quality, and a clear understanding of the complexities involved.
Anna: Thanks for sharing and not scaring people with this conclusion. It's not that complicated, but Atmesys has got you covered. With a plug-and-play solution, it's a piece of cake. As you can see, I put my glasses on. It means that we are coming to the Q&A session, and we have a lot of different questions posted in the chat. I'm just going to select a couple of them. I think,
Piotr:, they will be mostly addressed to you, but let's see. Okay, the first question that we have from Mohit: How many IoT devices accumulate the data? How is it covering a whole region? Can one location be an outlier?
Piotr: In our system, each device and each endpoint have their own communication. It's based on our clients and how many of those endpoints they wish to have. The aggregation of the data is both local and remote. It means that data, whenever it has connectivity or is currently energy-saving, is stored locally. And with transmission intervals, we send this data via 5G communication, as I mentioned, to the server or multiple servers. One of them is Kaa Cloud, where it's aggregated and analyzed to deliver the response to our clients. Of course, we are concentrating not only on high-end, long-distance communication, but also, I think this is tricky because we are not using LoRa. We are locally communicating via Bluetooth Long Range. We have found that the new standard, 5.2, starting from 5.2 – but we are actually 5.3 now (proof of concept) – that Bluetooth has much more energy savings capabilities. And for up to one kilometer, we can distribute heavily secure connectivity with distributed sensors. And then the client decides how many points it would like to have and how many points we should simulate after analysis.
Anna: Okay, thank you. I'm going to move on to the next one by Andrew. As the monitoring network grows, how scalable is the architecture? And what challenges might be encountered in scaling up?
Piotr: That's the question for KaaIoT. As you've probably seen in our overview of our applications, we are sending around 4 gigabytes of data every 24 hours from our endpoints. We are growing fast, but of course, we have already prepared for the mitigation of too much condensed data. We are on the verge of increasing the number of devices on the market and in our network. So we would like to have a maximum number of data points for future reasons. But of course, to future-proof the solution, we already implemented our algorithm to optimize and limit the number of data points because we do not have to send one-second measurements. We can do fast postprocessing locally on the station without losing the quality of the data according to IEC standards and calculate the proper averages and vectors of each change without losing the quality but minimizing the size. For the future, after achieving 10,000 solutions, devices on the market, or even more, we can scale up using KaaIoT, and we can just increase forever the amount of data we would like to utilize, but of course, we can achieve cost-effectiveness by diminishing the number or minimizing the data we are actually sending.
Anna: You know, I really appreciate that your answers are so thorough. Another question that's not over with Daniel: In remote or off-grid areas, how is power efficiency managed for IoT devices and sensors?
Piotr: Yes, so as I said, we actually have multiple, actually free STM microcontrollers. There are processors that we've integrated and created our own microcontrollers for maximizing the energy savings and also for the terms where we are at some locations where we are underground. This is not publicly available, so I cannot tell more, but we are sometimes losing connectivity. Of course, in that sense, the station, first of all, tries to save energy because trying to connect uses a lot of energy, and it stores data and recalculates it so we do not lose the quality, but we optimize the amount of data that will be sent next time the connectivity is available. This is how we have adapted the algorithm to optimize batteries in different conditions. For the other ones, we have our PV panels that restore the battery levels, but of course, during the winter, it's a tricky part. That's why we also have this management that we dynamically change the intervals for both measuring calculation and sending according to the levels of battery and temperature outside because temperature also somehow influences how much energy you store in the battery. So, this connectedness creates an algorithm. Of course, if there will be no power for one month, sorry, die, but we cannot create a perpetuum mobile at this stage, but we are trying to improve every time. We're trying different batteries and different conditions, and we found the best solutions to maximize those parameters.
Anna: Thank you. I'm going to go with a couple more questions. I see a lot of them, and guys, please be sure that we're going to reply to each one of your questions. Feel free to contact me offline, and
Piotr: is always available for chat. But, okay, I'm going to go with a couple more. For what size of farm is the monitoring system interesting?
Piotr: Interesting question. What we are preparing now with our partners from Techmod. They are promoting regenerative agriculture. We are preparing a solution that would be promising and cost-effective for even a 100 or 10-hectare farm. Because what we want is to minimize the use of fertilizers by optimizing the mapping of the whole field, even if the field is dispersed. We would introduce the hardware of our stations and the complementary consulting from the company that guarantees that we should. The target is to minimize the use of fertilizer by 25% on each field. Currently, the cost of fertilizers is actually cost-effective in terms of utilizing our system, and so this simple goal actually makes it cost-efficient. I hope that soon, this smart farming will be promoted enough that everyone will understand that addressing the needs to understand what is actually in the soil and to know how it's dispersed on the field gives optimization even for the smallest farmers.
Anna: Okay, thank you. The next question is from Clark. Do you use Apache eCharts?
Piotr: Yes.
Anna: Clark asked this question a couple of times. I had to bring it up and also a little compliment.
Piotr:, your custom widgets are beautiful.
Piotr: Thank you very much. It's also complimentary to you.
Anna: The last question, I need to decide somehow. Okay. How many same sensors do you deploy in the same environment for air quality? In case any wrong measurement from one of the sensors in the field. Is there any benchmark or backup sensor to compare the values and detect misreadings or such?
Piotr: Regarding the air quality, we are relying on the high-end sensors, which are NextPM sensors. They have their own heating pipe that mitigates the risk of miscalculation by water or vapor introduced into the air. Low-cost sensors normally see vapor as particulate matter. We utilize this solution because it's state-of-the-art. These sensors have millions of dollars in financing and their own diagnostic information that we just read if the sensor calculations were correct according to their backup and spur calculations or systems to identify if the calculation was correct. We calibrate the sensor before deployment and rely on the diagnostic information within the sensor itself. The plan is to calibrate every year and compare whether the calculation is correct. We verify this measurement with the nearest national station for air quality, which uses a gravitational way of measuring the air quality, which is actually the reference method. Currently, we do not have any other countermeasures.
Anna: Okay, the last question. I can't get enough of them. How many sensors do you deploy in a city, and what would be the ratio to km2?
Piotr: For smart cities, it's not our choice. The government of the city decides the locations and how many they need. It's not within my competence to enforce the net of those. Unfortunately, it's a forward trade; they have locations that are planned and they have financing to embark, so smart cities are quite tricky, and we cannot decide for farming. We rely on suggestions, satellite measurements, calibration in laboratories, and information from agronomists on how many sensors should be located for the reference pinpoints so that the measurement is relative and they can bring the available insights as a reply in terms of analysis. In smart cities, it depends on the availability of the location.
Anna: All right, I think we need to end this webinar at this point. I don't want to, to be honest, because it was awesome, you know,
Piotr:, and thank you so much for your dedication and passion in creating environmental solutions. This is really great, and we are happy to have you here. Guys, all of your questions will be answered, and you can contact
Piotr: directly. Please do not forget to try Kaa Cloud and, of course, connect your devices. Send us your project descriptions. Also, we have an ongoing challenge for ESP32.
Piotr: Thank you for having me. Thank you for your great questions, and I'm always open to discussion and collaboration.
Anna: Thank you. Bye.